In English, there are several basic structures or patterns that are used to form sentences.

These include:

1. Subject-verb (SV): This structure consists of a subject and a verb. For example, “John runs.”

2. Subject-verb-object (SVO): This structure consists of a subject, a verb, and an object. For example, “Mary eats an apple.”

3. Subject-verb-adjective (SVA): This structure consists of a subject, a verb, and an adjective that describes the subject. For example, “The cat is black.”

4. Subject-verb-adverb (SVA): This structure consists of a subject, a verb, and an adverb that describes the action or verb. For example, “She sings beautifully.”

5. Subject-verb-indirect object-direct object (SVOIO or SVOA): This structure consists of a subject, a verb, an indirect object (to whom or for whom the action is done), and a direct object (what is being acted upon). For example, “She gave me a gift.”

6. Subject-verb complement (SVC): This structure consists of a subject, a verb, and a complement (a word that completes the meaning of the subject or verb). For example, “He is a doctor.”

Note:

These basic structures can be combined and modified to create more complex sentences, but understanding them is a key step in mastering English grammar and sentence construction.